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^{Appendix 15}
Terminology

Conversation on the subject of who is related to whom often bogs down over genealogical terminology. 

• First cousin is your parent's brother's (or sister's) child.  However, the first cousin's child is not your second cousin, as is often thought to be the case, but your first cousin once removed.

• The child of the first cousin once removed is your first cousin twice removed, and his child your first cousin three times removed. 

• Second cousin is your grandparent's brother's (or sister's) grandchild.  That second cousin's child is your second cousin once removed, his child your second cousin twice removed, and so on.

• Third cousin is your great-grandparent's brother's (or sister's) great-grandchild.  The third cousin's child is your third cousin once removed, his child your third cousin twice removed.

• Siblings have parents in common.  Brothers and sisters are siblings.

• Grandnephew (or grandniece) is the grandchild of your brother or sister.

• Great-aunt (or Great-uncle) is the sister or brother of your grandparent.

• Great-grandaunt (or Grand-uncle) is the sister and brother of your great grandparents.

• Stepfather/stepmother is the spouse of your mother or father by a subsequent marriage.

• Stepchild is the child of your spouse by a former marriage.

• Stepsister or stepbrother is the child of your stepmother or stepfather.

• Half sister or half brother is the child of your mother and stepfather or of your father and stepmother, or of either parent by a previous marriage.

• In-law is your connection by the law of marriage (as distinct from relatives by blood) in particular, your husband's or wife's relative and your own brother's wife or sister's husband.

• Ancestor is the person from whom you descend directly, such as a grandparent or great-grandparent.

• Descendent is the person who descends directly from you such as a grandson or great granddaughter.

• Lineal relations are those in direct line of ascent or descent, such as a grandfather or granddaughter.

• Collateral relations are those relatives who are linked by a common ancestor, such as aunts, uncles, and cousins.

Relationship Chart

For a true relationship to exist, there must be an ancestor who is common to both individuals. If you examine the chart below, for example, the Common Ancestor is Box 1 on the horizontal scale as well as Box 1 on the vertical scale. Let us suppose that you have a grandson of that common ancestor, as seen in Box 3 of the horizontal scale, and you want to know that grandson's relationship to a great-granddaughter, who would be seen in Box 4 on the vertical scale. If you follow Box 4 (vertical scale) down to where it meets the vertical pathway to Box 3 on the horizontal scale, then where those paths cross, it tells you the relationship -- they are first cousins once removed.   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 Common Ancestor Son or Daughter Grandson or Daughter Great Grandson or Daughter 2nd Great Grandson or Daughter 3rd Great Grandson or Daughter 4th Great Grandson or Daughter 5th Great Grandson or Daughter 6th Great Grandson or Daughter 7th Great Grandson or Daughter 2 Son or Daughter Siblings (Brother or Sister) Nephew or Niece Grand Nephew or Niece Great Grand Nephew or Niece 2nd Great Grand Nephew or Niece 3rd Great Grand Nephew or Niece 4th Great Grand Nephew or Niece 5th Great Grand Nephew or Niece 6th Great Grand Nephew or Niece 3 Grandson or Daughter Nephew or Niece First Cousin First Cousin Once Removed First Cousin Twice Removed First Cousin Three Times Removed First Cousin Four Times Removed First Cousin Five Times Removed First Cousin Six Times Removed First Cousin Seven Times Removed 4 Great Grandson or Daughter Grand Nephew or Niece First Cousin Once Removed Second Cousin Second Cousin Once Removed Second Cousin Twice Removed Second Cousin Three Times Removed Second Cousin Four Times Removed Second Cousin Five Times Removed Second Cousin Six Times Removed 5 2nd Great Grandson or Daughter Great Grand Nephew or Niece First Cousin Twice Removed Second Cousin Once Removed Third Cousin Third Cousin Once Removed Third Cousin Twice Removed Third Cousin Three Times Removed Third Cousin Four Times Removed Second Cousin Five Times Removed 6 3rd Great Grandson or Daughter 2nd Great Grand Nephew or Niece First Cousin Three Times Removed Second Cousin Twice Removed Third Cousin Once Removed Fourth Cousin Fourth Cousin Once Removed Fourth Cousin Twice Removed Fourth Cousin Three Times Removed Fourth Cousin Four Times Removed 7 4th Great Grandson or Daughter 3rd Great Grand Nephew or Niece First Cousin Four Times Removed Second Cousin Three Times Removed Third Cousin Twice Removed Fourth Cousin Once Removed Fifth Cousin Fifth Cousin Once Removed Fifth Cousin Twice Removed Fifth Cousin Three Times Removed 8 5th Great Grandson or Daughter 4th Great Grand Nephew or Niece First Cousin Five Times Removed Second Cousin Four Times Removed Third Cousin Three Times Removed Fourth Cousin Twice Removed Fifth Cousin Once Removed Sixth Cousin Sixth Cousin Once Removed Sixth Cousin Twice Removed 9 6th Great Grandson or Daughter 5th Great Grand Nephew or Niece First Cousin Six Times Removed Second Cousin Five Times Removed Third Cousin Four Times Removed Fourth Cousin Three Times Removed Fifth Cousin Twice Removed Sixth Cousin Once Removed Seventh Cousin Seventh Cousin Once Removed 10 7th Great Grandson or Daughter 6th Great Grand Nephew or Niece First Cousin Seven Times Removed Second Cousin Six Times Removed Third Cousin Five Times Removed Fourth Cousin Four Times Removed Fifth Cousin Three Times Removed Sixth Cousin Twice Removed Seventh Cousin Once Removed Eighth Cousin

^{Appendix 16}
Abbreviations

Within this text, abbreviations have been used and the following is a description for that particular meaning.

• abt - about

• att - attended

• b. - born or date of birth

• BC - Back Creek

• BCMM - Back Creek Monthly Meeting of Friends

• BCS - Back Creek School; owned by Friends prior to 1885; a public school after 1885 in Indiana.

• bur. - buried at

• ca. - circa or about

• cem - cemetery

• ch. - child

• chr. - christening or baptism

• Co. - County

• CW - Civil War

• d. - died or died on

• dec. - deceased

• dt. - daughter of

• f. - former or formerly

• inf. - infant

• j. - joined

• m. - married

• made offering - apology given in a public Friends worship service

• mbr. - member of

• MH - Meeting house; building used by Friends for religious services

• MM - Monthly Meeting; conducts the business of a local group of Friends

• N.S. - New Style dating

• O.S. - Old Style dating

• PCR - Plymouth Colony Records

• PM - Preparative Meeting; Friends worship group operating under a MM

• prob. - probably

• s. - son of

• serv. - served in or served as